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Combat
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Redstone
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Swords are the best close-range weapon on this version of Minecraft and are the main weapon of choice for most players. However, there are also other combat related items. For example, you can use a shield to block damage done to you by sneaking (by pressing shift), and attack by pressing left click on the mob or player. There are different tiers of weapons going from wood to netherite, but netherite is the best (go here for more information). TNT can be used to make blast damage, although it is made by gunpowder, which is rare, and risky as the opponent could use it against you or evade the attack completely. You light TNT using flint and steel, which is shown on the picture on the left. This flint and steel can also be used to set fire to the environment or enemies. Enchanted books can enchant your gear to provide magical enchantments to your player such as protection or even fire aspect, which lights the opponent on fire!
Most mobs you can fight by spam clicking (clicking very fast) to make sure they can't come close enough to attack you in close range. Small tip: You can jump and attack while you are falling to land a critical hit and do more damage. However, various mobs like skeletons and blazes can attack you from a range, so the best way to attack is to run at them then running away from them, or in some cases using techniques such as building walls for cover. In the case of creepers, the best thing to do is run away from them and if they start to explode make sure you aren't close! The Ender Dragon, Wither, and the 3 Elder Guardians are all bosses which are very hard to fight and beyond the scope of the tutorial, although you can click on them for links to tutorials to rob them from their thrones.
The Wither. The mere mention of it summons shivers down the spine of the most advanced Minecraft players. It's summoned by placing 4 soul sand blocks (which are made to look like screaming souls eternally trapped in block form) and 3 wither skeleton heads that requires hours of grinding, killing the tall wither skeletons that afflict you with harmful debuffing wither effects. It has 300 health points, vastly outnumbered your measly 40. Should you choose to fight it, enchanting your sword with smite V will be extremely effective. Make sure to summon it away from your base, as it throws explosive, destructive fireballs of heads. Be wary of these as the explosions from the main head can even destroy obsidian.
The ancient Ender Dragon rules over the end dimension and its inhabitants, the enderman, that attack when provoked by looking at them. The end is a faraway world consisting of floating islands and portals generously scattered throughout the main island. It hides the power of flight, teleportation, various purple blocks and overpowered loot protected by the almighty Dragon. She reigns supreme with 8 tall pillars of obsidian that house magical crystals which restore her health and explode when hit in the right spot. Only when you have destroyed them, do you have a reasonable chance to slay the dragon. While juggling not looking at enderman and trying to shoot the tower with a bow, the dragon shoots fireballs which explode in a gas similar to the chlorine gas of this world, killing the most armoured player in seconds. If you choose to fight the End's queen, may luck be with you. You'll need it.
Then there is the dreaded Elder Guardian. It roams its underwater ocean monument lurking in the depths of the ocean surrounded by a labyrinth of corridors trapping unsuspecting players underwater, drowning, unable to escape. In Minecraft, the player has lots of freedom so normally they could cheat and break through the walls, breaking the tone, vibe, and difficulty fighting the gods of the ocean. However, Elder Guardians have a hidden superpower. Periodically, they scan for players in their lair and inflict any they find with mining fatigue III, effectively causing the time it takes to break a block by over 370 times! This could cause the time required to break one prismarine block to go from 300ms with a diamond pickaxe to 111 seconds, even before factoring in underwater breaking speed! And that's for every. Single. Block. This is how the 3 Elder Guardians protect their precious sponge and gold collection, by effectively forcing the player to kill them first before they could mine blocks.
Health points: 20 
x 10
Armor points: 2
Attack strength: 
Easy: 2.5 - x 1.25
Normal: 3 -
Hard: 4.5 - x 2.25
Spawns in overworld
Desert variant: husk - doesn't burn in sunlight and inflicts hunger
Village variant: zombie villager - spawns when a villager is killed by a zombie
Ocean variant: drowned - can swim and can spawn with a trident
Health points: 20 x 10
Attack strength ranged:
Easy: 1 - 4 , depending on proximity
Normal: 1 - 4 , depending on proximity
Hard: 1 - 5 
, depending on proximity
Spawns in overworld
Tundra variant: stray - inflicts slowness
Jockey variant: spider jockey - can spawn riding a spider
Nether variant: wither skeleton - is 3 blocks tall, uses a stone sword and inflicts wither effect
Health points: 20 x 10
Attack strength varies by proximity and difficulty. Maximum damage:
Easy: 22.5 x 11.25
Normal: 43 x 21.5
Hard: 64.5 x 32.25
Spawns in overworld
Thunder storm variant: charged - bigger explosion and more damage
Health points: 30 x 15
Attack strength laser:
Easy: 4
Normal: 6
Hard: 9
Spawns in ocean monuments
Health points: 8 x 4
Attack strength ranged:
Easy: 1
Normal: 1
Hard: 1.5 x 0.75
Spawns in strongholds
Health points: 8 x 4
Attack strength ranged:
Easy: 2
Normal: 2
Hard: 3
Have a chance to spawn when an enderpearl lands or when an enderman teleports.
Health points: 24 x 12
Attack strength:
Easy: 3
Normal: 4
Hard: 5
Spawns in overworld
variant: evoker - can summon fangs and vexs
variant: vindicator - spawns with an axe
variant: witch - can throw and drink potions
Health points: 100 x 50
Attack strength:
Easy: 7 x 3.5
Normal: 12 x 6
Hard: 18 x 9
Spawns in overworld
Health points: 14 x 7
Attack strength ranged:
Easy: 5
Normal: 9
Hard: 13
Spawned by evokers.
Health points: 20 x 10
Attack strength fireball:
5
Spawns in nether fortress
Health points: 50 x 25
Attack strength ranged:
Easy: 6
Normal: 10
Hard: 15
Spawns in Bastion remnant
Neutral variant: piglin - doesn't attack if player is wearing gold and is weaker
Zombie variant: zoglin - doesn't attacked unless provoked
Health points: 40 x 20
Attack strength ranged:
Easy: 5
Normal: 8
Hard: 12
Spawns in nether forests (warped and crimson)
Zombie variant: ziglen - will attack all mobs
Health points: 10 x 5
Attack strength explosion:
Easy: 7 x 3.5
Normal: 12 x 6
Hard: 22 x 11
Spawns in nether
Health points: 1 - 16 x 0.5 - 8
Attack strength:
Easy: 2 - 4 x 1 -2
Normal: 3 - 6 x 1.5 - 3
Hard: 4 - 9 x 2 - 4.5
Spawns in nether
Health points: 30 x 15
Attack strength levitation:
4
Spawns in end cities
Health points: 1 - 16 x 0.5 - 8
Attack strength:
Easy: 0 - 3 x 0 - 1.5
Normal: 0 - 4 x 0 - 2
Hard: 0 - 6 x 0 - 3
Spawns in slime chunks and swamps
Health points: 1 - 16 x 0.5 - 8
Attack strength:
Easy: 4
Normal: 6
Hard: 9
Spawns when the player doesn't sleep for 3 or more in game nights